El impuesto recaudado en la fuente («TCS», por sus siglas en inglés) es un concepto contemplado en la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta, similar al impuesto retenido en la fuente («TDS»). Las disposiciones que establecen la obligación de recaudar el TCS se encuentran en la Sección 206C de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta. Bajo el TCS, el proveedor de bienes o servicios recauda del comprador una cantidad adicional sobre el precio de venta acordado en concepto de TCS.
Por ejemplo: el Sr. A vende bienes al Sr. B por 1000 INR. Según la Sección 206C, el TCS es aplicable a una tasa del 1 % sobre dichos bienes. Por lo tanto, el Sr. A cobrará al Sr. B 1000 INR por el precio de venta y 10 INR adicionales (1000 * 1 %) en concepto de TCS.
A día de hoy, las disposiciones del TCS sobre bienes son aplicables a productos seleccionados, tales como bebidas alcohólicas para consumo humano, chatarra, hojas de tendu, madera obtenida de bosques, contratos de arrendamiento de estacionamientos, peajes, etc.
Sin embargo, con el objetivo de frenar la generación de dinero negro, la CBDT ha ampliado el alcance de las disposiciones de la Sección 206C e intentado incluir la mayoría de las transacciones bajo su ámbito.
En la Sección 206C, se ha insertado el subapartado (1H) mediante la Ley de Finanzas de 2020. Según este subapartado, todo vendedor de bienes que reciba una contraprestación o un conjunto de contraprestaciones por la venta de bienes superior a 5 millones de INR en cualquier año, deberá recaudar el TCS al 0,1 % del importe de la venta que exceda los 5 millones de INR; es decir, el TCS sobre la venta de bienes es aplicable desde el 1 de octubre de 2020.
A efectos de esta sección, se entiende por «vendedor» toda persona cuyas ventas totales o ingresos brutos del negocio superen los 100 millones de INR durante el ejercicio financiero inmediatamente anterior.
Por lo tanto, todo vendedor con una facturación total superior a 100 millones de INR durante el año anterior estará obligado a recaudar el TCS al 0,1 % cuando los ingresos totales superen los 5 millones de INR.
Las disposiciones de la sección 206C(1H) entrarán en vigor a partir del 1 de octubre de 2020.
Por ejemplo: el Sr. A es proveedor de bienes del Sr. B. A continuación, se presentan diferentes ejemplos para comprender la aplicabilidad de la Sección 206C(1H) al Sr. A:
A efectos de la recaudación del TCS bajo la sección 206C(1H), no se considerarán las siguientes ventas:
Se entiende por comprador cualquier persona que adquiera bienes, pero no incluye a los siguientes:
Por lo tanto, si el vendedor vende bienes a cualquiera de estos compradores, las disposiciones de la Sección 206C(1H) no se aplicarán; es decir, no se recaudará el TCS.
Al igual que con el TDS, en el caso del TCS también, el importe recaudado como TCS está disponible como crédito para el comprador.
Si un comprador no proporciona un PAN/Aadhaar válido, el TCS se recaudará al 1 % en lugar del 0,1 %.
Liability of seller to collect TCS from buyer arises on the date of receipt of amount from buyer irrespective of date of sales. E.g. A limited sales goods to B limited on 13th October, 2020. However, the amount is received from B limited on 1st November, 2020. In such case, liability to collect TCS shall arise on 1st November, 2020.
After collection of TCS, seller is required to deposit collected TCS on monthly basis. Collected TCS should be deposited within 7 days from the end of the respective month.
Further, Every seller should file his return for TCS on quarterly basis in form 27EQ disclosing PAN wise details of buyers and corresponding TCS collected. Following are the due dates for filing TCS Returns:
Any delay in filing of TCS return will attract a late fee of INR 200 per day during which default continues subject to maximum amount of tax collected.
Few frequently asked questions related to collection of TCS on sales of goods under section 206C(1H) is as follows:
Every seller, having gross receipts or turnover exceeding INR 10 crores during preceding financial year, shall be liable to collect TCS on receipts against sale of goods sales @ 0.1%. However, TCS shall be collected from such buyers only whose aggregate receipts exceeds INR 50 Lacs during the year.
In such case, TCS should be collected only on sales receipts exceeding INR 50 Lacs. E.g. A Limited sold goods of INR 52 Lacs to B Limited during the year. Liability of A Limited of collection of TCS shall arise only after aggregate receipts against sale exceeds INR 50 Lacs. In given example, if entire payment received in same financial year, then A limited is liable to collect TCS on INR 2 Lacs.
As per Section 206C(1H), liability to collect TCS arises if aggregate amount received for sale of any goods exceeds INR 50 Lacs during the year. Therefore, in the given case as aggregate receipts exceeds INR 50 Lacs therefore, liability to collect TCS shall arise on amount in excess of INR 50 Lacs irrespective of fact that such amount is received against sales of earlier year or next year.
For the purpose of TDS, CBDT has clarified vide Circular No. 23/2017 dated 19th July, 2017 that for the purpose of deduction of TDS under chapter XVII-B, amount paid or payable shall be taken without including GST. However, no similar circular has been issued for the purpose of TCS.Therefore, in absence of any clarification from department, sales consideration should be construed to include GST Amount. Accordingly, TCS should be collected on amount including GST.However, like TDS, department should issue the relevant clarification on whether GST amount should be included in sales consideration or not.
Liability of collection of TCS arises on the date of receipt of the sales consideration from the buyer. Therefore, if sales return is made or credit note is raised before collection of sales consideration and thereafter, sales consideration is received net of Credit Note then TCS shall be collected on net amount.However, if sales return is made or credit note is issued after collection of sales consideration then TCS shall be charged on gross amount without deducting credit note or sales return.In case of debit note, excess payment is received over and above the decided sales consideration. Therefore, the amount collected pursuant to debit note shall be liable to TCS on date of receipt.
E.g. 1
Liability to collect TCS arises in the month of July, 2020 on INR 8,00,000
E.g. 2
Liability to collect TCS arises in the month of June, 2020 on INR 10,00,000. Whenever, supplier adjusts INR 2,00,000 in any future receipts then TCS shall be collected on such net receipts.
Seller is liable to collect TCS on the amount received. Therefore, sales consideration received after setting off the purchase amount will be considered for the purpose of computation of TCS liability.
As per section 206(1H), if a seller receives any amount as sales consideration and aggregate of such amount is exceeding INR 50,00,000 during any year then liability to collect TCS arises. Therefore, the threshold limit of INR 50,00,000 is to be computed on an amount received basis.
E.g. 1
As aggregate of sales consideration received doesn’t exceeds INR 50,00,000, therefore, TCS should not be collected.
E.g. 2
As aggregate of sales consideration received exceeds INR 50,00,000, therefore, TCS to collect TCS arises in the month when aggregate amount exceeds the threshold limit.
As per Section 206C(1H) of Income Tax Act, liability of collection of TCS on sales arises on the date of receipts irrespective of date of sales. Therefore, the seller is liable to collect TCS on advance receipts also if the aggregate amount received during the year exceeds INR 50,00,000.
