2020年度連邦予算：主な変更点 | 所得税法

Hon’ble Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman presented union budget 2020 - 21 in parliament on 1^st February 2020 around 3 prominent themes –

1. Aspirational
   India,
2. Economic
   Development and
3. Caring
   society.

Apart from allocation of funds for different sectors such as education, railway, etc. she proposed various major amendments in Income Tax Act, 1961 and few amendments in Goods and Service tax law.

In this article, we will go through around all major amendments in Income Tax Act, 1961.

AMENDMENTS IN INCOME TAX ACT, 1961 proposes in Budget 2020

Amendments in Income Tax Act, 1961 proposed with objective of stimulate growth, simplified tax structure, easy compliance and minimum litigations. With these objectives, following changes are proposed:

Read Also: Equalisation Levy: Features, Applicability, Penalty

1. Income Tax slabs under Budget 2020

1.1 Change in Income tax slab of Individuals/HUFs under Budget 2020

• No changes
  are proposed in existing income tax slab rates applicable for Individual or
  HUFs, which is as follows:

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* INR 3,00,000 applicable for resident Senior Citizens (Who is more than 60 years but less than 80 years at any time during Financial year)and INR 5,00,000 applicable for super senior citizens (Who is more than 8pyears at any time during Financial year)

• A new slab
  of Income tax rates has been proposed for Individuals or HUFs, which is as
  follows:

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1.2  Exemptions Not allowed under New Slab Rates in Budget 2020

A new section 115BAC has been introduced vide Finance Act, 2020,wherein option is provided to Individuals/HUFs to pay tax at new slap rates subject to following conditions:

1. This option is available to Individuals or HUFs only;
2. New slab rates are an option available to individuals/HUFs. They may still opt to pay tax as per existing slab rates.
3. For the purpose of computation of taxable income as per new slabs, following exemptions or deduction will not be available:
   1. Exemption of Leave travel concession given under section 10(5);
   2. Exemption of House rent allowance under section 10(13A);
   3. Exemption of Allowances received by MPs/MLAs under section 10(17);
   4. Exemption on clubbing of income of minors given under section 10(32);
   5. Exemptions to newly established entities in Special Economic Zones under section 10AA;
   6. Standard deduction given of INR 40,000 given under section 16;
   7. Deduction of entertainment allowance given under Section 16;
   8. Deduction of interest on self occupied or vacant property given under section 24;
   9. Deduction of additional depreciation given under section 32(1)(iia);
   10. Deduction under section 32AD for Investment in new plant or machinery in notified backward areas in certain States;
   11. Deduction under section 33AB for Tea development account, coffee development account and rubber development account;
   12. Deduction under section 33ABA Site Restoration Fund.
   13. Deduction for donations or expenditure incurred on scientific research under section 35;
   14. Deduction under section 35AD for expenditure on specified business.
   15. Deduction under section 35CCC for Expenditure on agricultural extension project.
   16. Deductions for family pension under section 57(iia);
   17. Any deduction prescribed under Chapter-VIA except deductions under section 80CCD(2) and 80JJAA (like deduction available under section 80C, 80D etc.)

• While computing
  taxable income under new tax rate slabs, assessee shall not allowed to set-off
  any carried forward losses or depreciation accumulated for any of the above mentioned
  deductions.

• Losses under head
  House property shall not be allowed to set off against income under any other
  head.

• No deduction or exemption shall be available for any allowance or
  perquisites given under any other law.

• If assessee fails
  to comply with any of the above mentioned condition then he shall be assessed
  as per existing Income Tax slab.

• If an Assessee opts
  for this option then he may withdraw from this option only once in any
  subsequent year. However, this option shall not be available to him thereafter.
  If assessee doesn’t have business Income then he may opt for this option.

• したがって、所得税の課税区分を決定する前に、以下の点について検討する必要があります。
  検討すべき点：
  • 両方の選択肢における
    納税額、
  • 利用可能な控除や免除の
    複雑さや妥当性、
  • 将来的に利用可能となる可能性のある
    控除や免除。

1.3 2020年度予算案における協同組合の所得税区分の変更

• 個人やヒンドゥー教共同家族（HUF）と同様に、協同組合に対しても、
  第115BAD条に基づき、上記の個人やHUFに適用される条件と同様の条件を前提として、22%の税率で所得税を納付する選択肢が提供されています。
  

• 協同組合の現行の税区分は以下の通りです。

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1.4 2020年度予算案における企業の所得税区分の変更

• 第115BAA条（特定の国内企業の所得に対する軽減税率）および第115BAB条（新規製造国内企業の所得に対する軽減税率）に基づき
  納税を選択した企業は、
  第80JJAA条を除き、第VI-A章に基づく控除の対象外となっていました。
  しかし、今後は第80M条に基づく控除も認められることになりました。
  
  

• 発電事業は、
  第115BAB条の目的において製造業として認定されることが提案されています。
  

1.4 2020年度予算案における個人の居住者ステータス判定規定の変更

現行の規定では、ある人が任意の年度中に60日以上インドに滞在し、かつ直前4年間の合計滞在日数が365日以上である場合、その人は1961年所得税法上の「居住者」とみなされます。

• ただし、インド国民またはインド系の人がインド国外に居住しており、前年度中にインドを訪問した場合、その60日という基準は182日に置き換えられます。
• その結果、インドに182日以上滞在した年度については、その人の所得に対してインドで所得税が課されることになります。
• ただし、当該人物の外国源泉所得を除く総所得が、任意の年度において150万ルピーを超える場合、2021年4月1日より、この182日という期間は120日に短縮されることが提案されています。
• そのため、頻繁にインドを訪問される方は、これらの規定にご注意ください。怠るとインドでの納税義務が発生する可能性があります。
• また、インド国民が他国に居住しており、住所や居住地、その他類似の基準によりその国で課税されない場合、その人はインドの居住者とみなされるという新しい規定も設けられました。
• 個人が「居住者だが非居住者（居住者非通常居住者）」とみなされる要件は、過去10年間のうち7年間がインドの非居住者であった場合となります（以前は10年間のうち9年間でした）。

2. 2020年度予算案における第10条に基づく非課税所得の撤廃

• UPSC（連邦公務員委員会）の委員長および委員、ならびに選挙管理委員長および
  選挙管理委員に対して認められていた、
  特定の諸手当の非課税措置は撤廃されることが提案されています。
  

• 2020年財政法では、
  完全子会社、アブダビ投資庁、または政府系ファンドから得られる利子や配当所得を非課税とすることが提案されています。
  

• また、石油天然ガス省傘下の石油産業開発委員会（Oil Industry Development Board）の完全子会社である
  インド戦略石油備蓄株式会社（ISPRL）が、
  中央政府の指示に基づき、
  同社の貯蔵施設に保管されている原油の補充契約の結果として得る所得についても、
  非課税とすることが提案されています。
  

3. EPF（従業員積立基金）、退職年金基金、および国民年金制度（NPS）への雇用主拠出金の課税

• 現在、
  雇用主による拠出金の税務上の扱いは以下の通りです。
  • 認定積立基金への拠出金のうち、
    給与の12%を超える部分は課税対象となります。
  • 承認された退職年金基金への
    拠出金のうち、15万ルピーを超える部分は
    現物給与として課税されます。
  • 納税者は、
    国民年金制度（NPS）への14%の拠出金、およびその他の雇用主による10%の拠出金まで、
    控除が認められます。

• しかし、
  これらには合計の上限が設けられていません。そのため、75万ルピーという合計上限額を設けることが提案されています。したがって、合計拠出額が
  75万ルピーを超える場合、その超過分は所得税の課税対象となります。
  

4. 2020年度予算案における所得税法上の税務監査関連規定

• As per
  existing provisions, a business is required to get his accounts audited under
  section 44AB of Income Tax Act, 1961 where gross receipts exceeds INR 1 Crore
  during a year. Threshold limit of audit is INR 50 Lacs for professionals.

• コンプライアンスの負担を軽減するため、
  事業者の監査基準額を最大5,000万ルピーまで引き上げることが提案されています。ただし、
  以下の条件を満たす必要があります。
  

• 当該年度の現金受取額が、当該年度の総受取額の5%を超えないこと。また、

• 当該年度の現金支払額が、当該年度の総支払額の5%を超えないこと

5. 2020年度予算における所得税申告期限の変更

Considering time should be given for filing return of income after filing tax audit report, due date of furnishing of income tax return in case of tax audit report is proposed to extend till 31^st October.

6. 2020年度予算における譲渡所得の区分における特定の取得原価の決定

• As per
  section  43CA (Transfer of land or
  building other than capital asset), 50C (transfer of land or building as
  capital asset) or 56(2)(x) (receipt of immovable property by one person from
  another), if stamp duty value of land or building is more than value of
  consideration, then stamp duty value shall be consider as sales consideration
  for the purpose of charging Income Tax. However, if value of stamp duty does
  not exceeds 105% of the actual consideration then actual consideration shall be
  taken up.

• Such
  variation of 5% has been proposed to increase to 10%.

• For the
  purpose of indexation of cost of acquisition of land or building purchased
  before 01.04.2001, assessee is available with an option to take fair market
  value as on 01.04.2001 or actual cost of asset as cost of acquisition.

• Not through
  finance act, 2020, it is proposed that if fair market value as on 01.04.2001
  should not exceed stamp duty value on such date.

7. 2020年度予算における配当分配税（DDT）の廃止

• As per
  existing provisions, any dividend distributed by the company is subject to
  Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) under section 115-O at the rate of 15%. Company
  is liable to pay such tax.

• However,
  such dividend is exempted in hands of recipients under section 10.

• It is
  proposed to limit provisions of section 115-O to dividend distributed upto
  31.03.2020. Accordingly, any dividend distributed after 01.04.2020 shall be
  taxable in hands of recipients not company.

• Accordingly,
  corresponding exemption has section 10 has been withdrawn.

• Further,
  section 57 has also been amended to provide deduction of 20% from dividend
  Income.

8. 第206C条に基づく海外送金に対する源泉徴収税（TCS）

• An authorised dealer receiving an amount or an aggregate of amounts of Seven Lakh Rupees or more in a financial year for remittance out of India under the LRS of RBI, shall be liable to collect TCS, if he receives sum in excess of said amount from a buyer being a person remitting such amount out of India, at the rate of 5%. In non-PAN/Aadhaar cases the rate shall be 10%.

• 海外ツアーパッケージを購入する者から代金を受け取る海外ツアーパッケージの販売者は、5%の税率でTCSを徴収する義務を負います。PANまたはAadhaarがない場合は、税率は10%となります。

上記の規定は2020年4月1日から適用されます。

詳細はこちらをご覧ください： 自由化送金スキーム（LRS）を通じた海外送金および海外ツアーパッケージ販売に対する5%のTCS

9. Changes in provisions of TDS in Budget 2020

• As per
  Section 194J, TDS @ 10% is deductible on payment made for professional service
  or technical service. TDS rate is proposed to reduce to 2% on payment for
  technical services.

• New section
  194K is proposed to introduce to deduct TDS on any payment made to resident for
  income in relation to Units of mutual funds or units from the Administrator of
  the specified undertaking or units from the specified company at the rate of
  10%. However, no TDS is required if amount of such income does not exceeds INR
  5,000.

10. TDS deduction by e-commerce operator in Budget 2020

• A new
  provision is proposed to insert vide section 194O which provides that if any
  person provides services or sales goods through e-commerce operator then
  e-commerce shall be liable to deduct TDS @ 1% at the time of making payment to
  e-commerce participants.

• If any
  payment is made by buyer of goods or recipient of service directly to supplier
  of goods or provider of service then e-commerce operator shall be liable to
  deduct TDS on such amount also.

• No TDS is
  deductible if gross amount of sales or provision of service does not exceeds
  INR 5 Lacs and e-commerce participant has furnished PAN to e-commerce operator.

• If
  e-commerce participant fails to furnish his PAN then e-commerce operator shall
  be liable to deduct TDS @ 5%.

• No TDS is
  applicable under this section on payment made by e-commerce operator for
  hosting advertisement or providing any other service which is not connected
  with supply of goods or provision of service through e-commerce operator.

• If on any
  transaction, TDS is deducted under this section then no other TDS shall be
  deducted on such transaction.

• Benefit of
  reduced rate of deduction of TDS under section 194LC has been extended till
  01.07.2023 from 01.07.2020. Further, TDS rate has also been reduced to 4% from
  5% on the interest payable to a non-resident, in respect of monies borrowed in
  foreign currency from a source outside India, by way of issue of any long term
  bond or RDB on or after 1st April, 2020 but before 1st July, 2023 and which is
  listed only on a recognised stock exchange located in any IFSC.

• Benefit of
  reduced rate of TDS under section 194LD has been extended till 01.07.2023 from
  01.07.2020 and also concessional rate of TDS has been reduced to 4% from 5% on interest
  payable, on or after 1st April, 2020 but before 1st July, 2023, to a FII or QFI
  in respect of the investment made in municipal debt security.

11. Penalty for fake invoices issued under GST

• If Assessee
  records any false entry in books of accounts or omit to record any entry in
  books of accounts to evade tax then he shall be pay penalty equal to the
  aggregate amount of such false or omitted entry.

• Any person
  who cause to make such false entry or omitted entry shall also be liable to pay
  penalty equal to the aggregate amount of false or omitted entry.

12. Rationalization of provisions of Section 80-IAC

• Section
  80-IAC provide for 100% deduction of profit earned from eligible business by an
  eligible start upfor 3 consecutive years out of 7 years provided that total
  turnover of the business does not exceeds INR 25 Crores.

• Finance Act,
  2020 has proposed to allow deduction for 3 consecutive years out of 10 years
  and also turnover limit has been extended to 100 crores.

13. Other key changes in Budget 2020

• Section
  80-IBA provides for 100% deduction of profits earned from any business of
  developing and building affordable housing project provided approval for such
  project is obtained during the period of 01.06.2016 to 31.03.2020. Such period
  has been extended to 31.03.2021. Similarly, time limit for sanction of such
  loan for the purpose of deduction u/s 80EEA has been extended to 31.03.2021.

• 10(23C)条に基づく
  基金、信託、機関、大学、その他の教育機関、病院、またはその他の医療機関の
  登録付与手続きが
  大幅に変更されました。

• 新たに挿入された
  12AB条に基づき、12A条による信託の登録手続きが
  新たに提案されました。信託は
  5年ごとに登録を更新する必要があります。

• 以前は、
  効率化を図るため、143(1)条および143(3)条に基づきオンラインで評価が行われており、
  このための電子評価スキーム2019が143(3A)条に基づき通知されていました。
  同スキームの適用範囲は、
  最善の判断による評価に関連する144条まで拡大されました。

• 効率化を図るため、CIT(A)への不服申し立ても電子化することが提案されています。

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