GST implementation is one of the most revolutionary tax reforms that have ever taken place in India. However, the huge number of returns introduced under the GST regime has left the majority of the taxpayers confused. Well, to make it easy for you, we are here to discuss the very first step in this new regime. Yes, we are referring to GSTR-3B return here!
In this guide, we will be discussing all the necessary aspects of GSTR-3B:
Filing the GSTR 3B tax return for the month of September 2018 is critical to take full Input Tax Credit for the tax period 2017-18 in GST. It ensures that all the conditions of the Act and Rules are fulfilled for the same.
As per Section 16(4) of CGST Act, 2017, any registered person may take Input Tax Credit (“ITC”) on invoices or debit notes till due date of filing of return for the month of September of the succeeding financial year or date of filing of annual return, whichever is earlier.
As discussed earlier, such date has been extended to due date for the month of March, 2019 for F.Y. 2017-18. Further, due date of filing of annual return has also extended till 30th June, 2019.
Accordingly, while filing GST return for the month of March, 2019 make sure to take all pending ITC where invoice is issued during FY 2017-18.
However, for the purpose of debit notes, please note that ITC on debit notes should be taken on or before due date of filing of return for the month of September following the F.Y. during which original invoice is issued.
Accordingly, any missing ITC on debit notes, belonging to original invoices issued during FY 2017-18, should be taken in return of March, 2019 even if debit note is issued during FY 2018-19.
In cases of stock transfers, you need to reconcile the GSTIN for rectifying any differences before filing the return. If the stocks are transferred at an increased price with a lower price at the branch, ensure the extra credit.
You can issue a credit note to the branches in order to reduce the excess credit. The reconciliation of the ITC available in the books along with those availed in the GSTR-3B is essential.
Because of human error, there may me scenarios of human or even system error where the ITC was not availed in GSTR-3B. For availing such ITC, it is important to trace back such invoices. The ITC on all the tax invoices should be ensured such as expenses like bank charges and other expenses related to the business. In case you did not claim it yet, you need to do it before filing the return.
As per Section 34 of CGST Act, 2017, credit note is issued in cases such as sales return, excess taxable amount or tax amount is charged in tax invoice etc. Further, as per section 34(2), supplier is required to issue credit note with respect to any supply by due date of filing of return for the month of September following the F.Y. in which such supply is made or date of filing of annual return, whichever is earlier.
Accordingly, please make sure to issue and report any left out credit note with respect to supplies made during F.Y. 2017-18 while filing GSTR-3B for the month of March, 2019 to avoid tax losses.
Section 37 of CGST Act, 2017 deals with filing of GSTR-1. Section 37(3) provides that if any error or omission is made while furnishing GSTR-1 then no rectification shall be allowed after return of September month of following year.
Therefore, if any error or omission has occurred while filing GSTR-1 of FY 2017-18, such error or omission can’t be rectified or corrected after GSTR-3B of March, 2019 and it may result in credit loss to recipient.
Peron is entitled to claim ITC on such inward supplies which are used for business purpose and for effecting taxable supplies (Including zero rated). If ITC is claimed on any inward supplies which is partly used for business purpose and partly for personal purpose or partly for effecting exempted supplies and partly for taxable supplies then proportional ITC is required to be reversed. (Section 17 read with Rule 42 of CGST Rules, 2017).
Computation of ITC to be reversed and actual reversal of ITC should be carried out before furnishing return for the month of September following the FY to which reversal pertains or date of filing of annual return, whichever is earlier.
Accordingly, if any reversal is still pending pertaining to F.Y. 2017-18 then make sure to do such reversal in GSTR-3B of March, 2019 alongwith applicable interest.
Reversal of ITC for FY 2018-19 will also needs to be taken care in accounts and make correction accordingly.
In case stock value as per books of accounts and the stock value as per physical stock are different, you are required to reverse the ITC for the differences.
Essentially, the ITC can be availed for the goods and services which were used or at least, intended to be used.
Those taxpayer who has multiple GST registrations numbers. such taxpayer needs to ensure that the financial data complies with the total amount of all the states returns in case of ITC, or any outward supplies, etc.
If the GST registration numbers do not come in use, then you can surrender them to lower the compliance costs.
Since March, 2019 is the last month to claim any left out Input tax credit pertaining to F.Y. 2017-18, it is advisable to all taxpayers to carry out reconciliation between ITC taken in GSTR-3B of FY 2017-18 with ITC appearing in GSTR-2A for same period and if any invoice appears on which ITC has not been availed then GSTR-3B of March, 2019 is last return to claim such credit.
In order to avoid any complexity and cumbersomeness while filing annual return for FY 2017-18 on or before 30th June, 2019, it is advisable to track reconciliation differences between data provided in monthly return in GSTR-3B return forms and audited financial statements of FY 2017-18.
All reconciliation differences can be adjusted in the GSTR-3B for the month of March, 2019. The finance ministry did this to help taxpayers undergo a smooth process to file the returns to claim the ITC properly.
The differential figures can be reported depending on the net basis under the proper tables for the current month.
There may be cases such as annual maintenance contracts, Insurance of stocks etc. where expenses has been belong to partially related to one year and partially related to next year.
このような場合、ITCは費用が発生した期間に計上する必要があります。
リバースチャージ取引における供給時期を正しく検証することは不可欠です。リバースチャージの供給時期に関する各規定を適切に考慮し、会計処理を行う必要があります。
該当する取引を特定した上で、リバースチャージとして会計仕訳を行う必要があります。
ISD（入力サービス分配者）から請求書の発行を受けたすべての登録事業者は、ISDクレジットを利用する必要があります。ISD請求書に基づいて分配されたITCは、規定の期限内に申告を行うことで利用可能となります。
ISDの下では、リバースチャージを履行することはできません。ISDが登録されている同一州の通常の登録を通じて支払う必要があります。
支店間在庫転送の照合
同一PAN（恒久的な口座番号）を持つ異なるGSTIN間での在庫転送が発生した場合は、2017-18年度および2018-19年度の照合表を作成することをお勧めします。これにより、受領側の支店が利用すべきクレジットの仕入を漏らしていないか、また供給側の支店が実際の移動を伴わない供給を記録していないかを確認できます。
このような不一致がある場合、受領側の支店が2017-18年度の請求書に関連するITCを利用するための期限、および供給側の支店が2017-18年度に発行した請求書に関連するクレジットノートを発行するための期限は、2019年3月分のGSTR-3B申告時となります。
したがって、このような照合を行い、必要な調整を行うことを推奨します。
事業活動がない場合は、ゼロ申告を行う必要があります。GSTNポータルでは、GSTR-3Bの申告手続きを迅速に行うことができます。ゼロ申告を行う納税者の場合、詳細な申告内容は不要です。
簡易申告は最小限の詳細情報で提出可能です。新しい機能では、追加の詳細情報を入力する必要はありません。
資本財を評価し、ITCの利用日と資産の計上日が一致していることを確認してください。
両者が異なる場合は、必要な調整を行ってITCを修正し、GSTR-3Bで利息を支払う必要があります。これには必要な会計仕訳も含まれます。
納税者のクレジット損失を回避するため、2019年3月分のGSTR-3Bを申告する際には、上記の点を留意することが重要です。申告を適切に行わないと、事業上のクレジット損失につながる可能性があります。
Please note that last date to make above mentioned adjustments is due date of filing of return for the month of March, 2019. Therefore, if person files GSTR-3B after due date, i.e., 20th April, 2019, then he will not be allowed to make above mentioned adjustment and it may result in loss to the person.
GST監査サービスの詳細はこちら
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