So far, the concept of dematerialisation of shares has applied only to publicly listed companies that allow shareholders to hold their shares in a demat account. However, vide Notification dated 27 October 2023, the MCA has extended such a requirement to public unlisted companies and private companies as well, except in certain cases.
For dematerialisation of securities, companies are required to follow a procedure that will allow shareholders to hold their shares in demat form.
This article discusses the procedures required to be followed for dematerialisation of shares:
1. What procedure is to be followed by the company and shareholder to dematerialize shares?
The Company and shareholders are required to take the following quick steps for dematerialisation of securities:
Obtain ISIN (International Security Identification Number) for all existing securities issued by the company;
Provide securities of shareholder in dematerialised form as and when the request is received from the shareholder;
The companies are required to complete the demat procedure by 30th September 2024;
2.1 Concept of Depository and Depository Participants
A depository is an organization that holds securities (equity, preference, bonds, debentures, etc.) in dematerialised form. In India, NSDL and CDSL are two government-registered depositories. It facilitates the service of storage and trading of securities in electronic form.
Such shares are held in demat form through Depository Participants.
Depository participant is a registered intermediary between the company and the Depository and it facilitates the trading process by connecting investors to the depository in India.
Depository participants are required to fulfill the net worth criteria specified by SEBI and depositories.
There are many DPs in India such as Zerodha, Sharekhan, Groww, etc.
2.2 Appointment of Registrar and Share Transfer Agent (RTA)
RTA acts as an intermediary between the company and the Depository (NSDL/CDSL) for facilitating dematerialisation and corporate actions undertaken by the issuer.
RTA files an application for the allotment of an ISIN number to the Depository on behalf of the company.
Further, it verifies the request received for dematerialisation of shares from the Depository participant and forwards the same to the company.
2.3 What is ISIN?
An ISIN is a unique 12-digit alpha-numeric identification number allotted to any securities. E.g. INE081A01020.
A different ISIN is allotted to different securities, i.e., if a company has Fully Paid Equity Shares, partially paid equity shares, preference shares, debentures, etc. then different ISIN shall be allotted for every security.
Therefore, if a private company is having a different class of shares then ISIN should be applied for all securities by the due date.
2.4 Process of allotment of ISIN
An application for allotment of ISIN is required to be filed by RTA to the depository on behalf of the company.
The Company is required to submit the following documents to apply for allotment of ISIN:
Board Resolution authorising any director or any other person to sign the documents for ISIN allotment;
Net Worth Certificate
ISIN Activation form;
Tripartite Agreement executed between the Company, RTA, and NSDL/CDSL. Each party involved signs three copies of the agreement, including the Depository Participant, RTA, and Issuer.
Audited Financial Reports along with signed audit report.
GST Certificate.
Memorandum and Articles of Association (MOA/AOA) and Certificate of Incorporation or Conversion.
2.5 What is the fee applicable for the allotment of ISIN?
For allotment of ISIN, the Company is required to make payment of the amount of the following fee: