In India, a permanent account number (PAN) is an identity provided by the income tax authorities to each taxpaying entity and individual, including the foreign nationals who wish to invest or conduct business in India, which is necessary for each one who is needed to file income tax return, and for people who wish to deal in the financial transaction. Expatriates wanting to work in India or to indulge in any business transaction with a company based in India would also need a PAN for such transactions.
1. Who is an expatriate?
An expatriate is an individual living and/or working in a country other than his or her country of citizenship, often temporarily and for work reasons. An expatriate can also be an individual who has relinquished citizenship in their home country to become a citizen of another.
It can be said that an expatriate is a person based in a foreign country (likely national of the said foreign country) working in another country. It includes a person, who for tax purposes, may continue to be a resident in his/her home country.
Thus, in the Indian context expatriate means a person based in a foreign country (likely foreign citizen) working in India (inbound) or a person based in India (likely Indian citizen) working abroad (outbound).
Transactions specified for which an expatriate will be required to obtain PAN
Nature of Transactions
| Sr no. |
Nature of Transactions |
Value of Transaction |
| 1 |
Sale or purchase of a motor vehicle or vehicle, which requires registration by a registering authority under Chapter VI of Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, other than two-wheeler vehicle |
All Such Transactions |
| 2 |
Opening an account with a Bank (Other than a savings bank account) |
All Such Transactions |
| 3 |
Opening a Demat account with a depository, participant, custodian of securities or any other person with SEBI |
All Such Transactions |
| 4 |
Payment to a company for purchasing debentures or bonds issued by it |
Payment exceeding Rs. 50,000 |
| 5 |
Payment to a Mutual Fund for purchase of its units |
Payment exceeding Rs. 50,000 |
| 6 |
Deposit with a Bank |
Deposit in cash exceeding Rs. 50,000 per day |
| 7 |
Time deposit with a Bank, Post Office, Nidhi companies, NBFCs |
Amount exceeding Rs. 50,000 per day or aggregating to more than Rs. 5,00,000 during a financial year |
| 8 |
Payment for Life insurance premium |
Payment exceeding Rs. 50,000 in a financial year |
| 9 |
Sale or purchase of securities (other than shares) |
Amount exceeding Rs. 1,00,000 per transaction |
| 10 |
Sale or purchase of unlisted shares |
Amount exceeding Rs. 1,00,000 per transaction |
| 11 |
Sale or purchase of any Immovable property |
Amount of more than Rs. 10,00,000 or if valued by stamp valuation authority, amount of more than Rs. 10,00,000 |
In addition to the above list, following person are also needed to obtain PAN:
- 前年度において、本人または本人が評価対象となる他者の合計財務利益が、非課税限度額を超えるすべての者。
- 輸出入コードの取得が必要なすべての輸出入業者。輸出入コード。
- 所得税局への所得税申告が義務付けられているすべての者。
- 源泉徴収後の金額または所得を受け取る権利があるすべての者。
- 課税対象物品の生産者もしくは製造業者、または課税対象物品が保管されている民間倉庫の登録者、および当該者の認定代理人に対して物品税を支払う義務があるすべての者。
- 1944年中央物品税規則第57AE条に基づき、登録および請求書発行が必要な者。
- サービス税の支払いに責任を負う者およびその代理人。
- 中央売上税法、または法律で定められた州や連邦直轄領の一般売上税法に基づき登録されているすべての者。
- PAN番号の提示が義務付けられている金融取引を行う予定のすべての者。
2.What is PAN?
- PANはPermanent Account Number（恒久アカウント番号）の略です。これはインド税務局がすべての納税者に発行する10桁の固有の英数字であり、国内の全納税者を識別するためのユニークな番号として機能します。
- 所得税局は、カード形式で発行されるPAN番号を、課税対象となる可能性のある金融取引を追跡するための普遍的な識別キーとして使用し、脱税の監視や適用される税法の遵守を支援しています。さらに、個人にとっては写真付き身分証明書としても有用であり、インド国内のすべての政府機関および非政府機関で受け入れられています。PANにより、所得税局は納税者のすべての取引を当局と紐付けることが可能になります。こうした取引には、納税、TDS（源泉徴収税）/TCS（源泉徴収売上税）、所得申告、通信、法律で定められた取引などが含まれます。これにより、納税者のデータの容易な入手や、納税者の多様な投資、借入、その他の事業活動の照合が促進されます。
- また、銀行口座の開設、不動産の譲渡、証券取引など、その他多くの金融取引においても必要となります。一度取得したPAN番号は、インド国内においてPAN保持者の生涯にわたって有効であり、住所変更や評価官の変更などの影響を受けません。
- ただし、PANデータ（PAN取得時に提供した詳細情報）に変更がある場合は、「PANカードの新規発行および/またはPANデータの変更・訂正申請」フォームにて変更内容を税務局に慎重に届け出る必要があります。
- 外国投資事業のインド子会社に従事するすべての外国法人または個人は、インドに拠点を置いているかどうかにかかわらず、会社口座を運営する必要がある場合、PANの登録が義務付けられています。
3.Procedure for obtaining PAN?
The procedure to get a PAN is fairly easy and similar across all categories of individuals. However, in the case of NRIs, they are ought to provide certain documents while applying for a PAN, which is specified by law.
1.Forms
Person with citizenship of another country (foreign citizen) needs to fill Form 49AA for application of PAN and a person with citizenship of India (Indian Citizen) needs to fill Form 49A for application of PAN.
This form can be accessed easily, filled and submitted online through the websites of UTIITSL and NSDL.
On submitting the form, an acknowledgment copy with a 15-digit number is generated that must be sent to the designated address along with other specified documents.
2.Fees
The fee is decided on the basis of the address provided by the NRI, whether it is within India or if it is outside India.
3.Documents
In the case of foreign nationals, the address for an individual of foreign national and a duplicate of the subsequent documents must be notarized by the Indian Embassy in their home country:
- Copy of Passport;
- Person of Indian Origin card that is issued by the Government of India;
- Overseas Citizen of India card that is issued by the Government of India;
- Citizenship identification number or taxpayer-identification number;
- Bank account statement within the country of residence;
- Driving license;
- A registration certificate issued by the foreign registration office showing an Indian address;
- The appointment letter or contract from the Indian company, the original certificate of Indian address issued by the employer, and the Visa granted;
.avif)
