源泉徴収税（TCS）は、所得税法で規定されている概念であり、源泉徴収税（TDS）と類似しています。TCSの徴収義務を規定する条項は、所得税法第206C条に定められています。TCS制度の下では、物品またはサービスの供給者が、合意された販売対価に加えて、TCSとして追加額を買い手から徴収します。
例：A氏がB氏に1,000インドルピーの物品を販売する場合。第206C条に基づき、当該物品には1%のTCSが適用されます。したがって、A氏は販売対価としてB氏から1,000インドルピーを徴収し、さらにTCSとして10インドルピー（1,000×1%）を徴収することになります。
現在、物品に対するTCSの規定は、人用のアルコール飲料、スクラップ、テンドゥの葉、森林から得られる木材、駐車場や料金所のリース契約など、特定の物品に適用されています。
しかし、ブラックマネーの発生を抑制する目的で、中央直接税委員会（CBDT）は第206C条の規定範囲を拡大し、ほとんどの取引をその対象に含めようとしています。
第206C条には、2020年財政法によりサブセクション(1H)が追加されました。サブセクション(1H)に基づき、年間で物品販売の対価または対価の合計が500万インドルピーを超えるすべての物品販売者は、500万インドルピーを超える金額に対して0.1%のTCSを買い手から徴収しなければなりません。つまり、物品販売に対するTCSは2020年10月1日から適用されます。
本条の目的において、「販売者」とは、直前の会計年度における事業からの売上高または総収入の合計が1億インドルピーを超えるすべての者を指します。
したがって、前年度の売上高合計が1億インドルピーを超えるすべての販売者は、受領額の合計が500万インドルピーを超える場合、0.1%のTCSを徴収する義務を負います。
第206C条(1H)の規定は、2020年10月1日から発効します。
例：A氏がB氏に物品を供給する場合。A氏に対する第206C条(1H)の適用を理解するための例を以下に挙げます：
第206C条(1H)に基づくTCS徴収の目的において、以下の販売は考慮されません：
買い手とは物品を購入する者を指しますが、以下は含まれません：
したがって、販売者がこれらの買い手に物品を販売する場合、第206C条(1H)の規定は適用されず、TCSは徴収されません。
TDSと同様に、TCSの場合も、TCSとして徴収された金額は買い手の税額控除として利用可能です。
買い手が有効なPANまたはAadhaarを提示できない場合、TCSは0.1%ではなく1%の税率で徴収されます。
Liability of seller to collect TCS from buyer arises on the date of receipt of amount from buyer irrespective of date of sales. E.g. A limited sales goods to B limited on 13th October, 2020. However, the amount is received from B limited on 1st November, 2020. In such case, liability to collect TCS shall arise on 1st November, 2020.
After collection of TCS, seller is required to deposit collected TCS on monthly basis. Collected TCS should be deposited within 7 days from the end of the respective month.
Further, Every seller should file his return for TCS on quarterly basis in form 27EQ disclosing PAN wise details of buyers and corresponding TCS collected. Following are the due dates for filing TCS Returns:
Any delay in filing of TCS return will attract a late fee of INR 200 per day during which default continues subject to maximum amount of tax collected.
Few frequently asked questions related to collection of TCS on sales of goods under section 206C(1H) is as follows:
Every seller, having gross receipts or turnover exceeding INR 10 crores during preceding financial year, shall be liable to collect TCS on receipts against sale of goods sales @ 0.1%. However, TCS shall be collected from such buyers only whose aggregate receipts exceeds INR 50 Lacs during the year.
In such case, TCS should be collected only on sales receipts exceeding INR 50 Lacs. E.g. A Limited sold goods of INR 52 Lacs to B Limited during the year. Liability of A Limited of collection of TCS shall arise only after aggregate receipts against sale exceeds INR 50 Lacs. In given example, if entire payment received in same financial year, then A limited is liable to collect TCS on INR 2 Lacs.
As per Section 206C(1H), liability to collect TCS arises if aggregate amount received for sale of any goods exceeds INR 50 Lacs during the year. Therefore, in the given case as aggregate receipts exceeds INR 50 Lacs therefore, liability to collect TCS shall arise on amount in excess of INR 50 Lacs irrespective of fact that such amount is received against sales of earlier year or next year.
For the purpose of TDS, CBDT has clarified vide Circular No. 23/2017 dated 19th July, 2017 that for the purpose of deduction of TDS under chapter XVII-B, amount paid or payable shall be taken without including GST. However, no similar circular has been issued for the purpose of TCS.Therefore, in absence of any clarification from department, sales consideration should be construed to include GST Amount. Accordingly, TCS should be collected on amount including GST.However, like TDS, department should issue the relevant clarification on whether GST amount should be included in sales consideration or not.
Liability of collection of TCS arises on the date of receipt of the sales consideration from the buyer. Therefore, if sales return is made or credit note is raised before collection of sales consideration and thereafter, sales consideration is received net of Credit Note then TCS shall be collected on net amount.However, if sales return is made or credit note is issued after collection of sales consideration then TCS shall be charged on gross amount without deducting credit note or sales return.In case of debit note, excess payment is received over and above the decided sales consideration. Therefore, the amount collected pursuant to debit note shall be liable to TCS on date of receipt.
E.g. 1
Liability to collect TCS arises in the month of July, 2020 on INR 8,00,000
E.g. 2
Liability to collect TCS arises in the month of June, 2020 on INR 10,00,000. Whenever, supplier adjusts INR 2,00,000 in any future receipts then TCS shall be collected on such net receipts.
Seller is liable to collect TCS on the amount received. Therefore, sales consideration received after setting off the purchase amount will be considered for the purpose of computation of TCS liability.
As per section 206(1H), if a seller receives any amount as sales consideration and aggregate of such amount is exceeding INR 50,00,000 during any year then liability to collect TCS arises. Therefore, the threshold limit of INR 50,00,000 is to be computed on an amount received basis.
E.g. 1
As aggregate of sales consideration received doesn’t exceeds INR 50,00,000, therefore, TCS should not be collected.
E.g. 2
As aggregate of sales consideration received exceeds INR 50,00,000, therefore, TCS to collect TCS arises in the month when aggregate amount exceeds the threshold limit.
As per Section 206C(1H) of Income Tax Act, liability of collection of TCS on sales arises on the date of receipts irrespective of date of sales. Therefore, the seller is liable to collect TCS on advance receipts also if the aggregate amount received during the year exceeds INR 50,00,000.
.avif)
