
2020年財政法以前、企業および投資信託は、宣言または分配された配当に対して「配当分配税」を支払う義務がありました。そのため、配当所得は株主側では非課税となっていました。しかし、2020年財政法により配当分配税の概念は廃止され、2020年4月1日以降に企業が支払または分配するすべての配当について、配当所得に対する課税は株主側で行われることになりました。
所得税法の他の規定と同様に、2020年財政法は、株主に分配・支払われる配当所得に対して源泉徴収(TDS)を行う義務を課しました。したがって、企業は1961年所得税法第194条および第195条の規定に従い、株主に支払または分配されるすべての配当に対して源泉徴収(TDS)を行う必要があります。
1961年所得税法第194条に基づき、インド国内で配当を宣言し支払うインド企業または企業の代表者は、以下の条件を満たす場合、源泉徴収を行う必要があります:
本条は、優先株に対して支払われる配当にも適用されます。
企業は、以下のいずれか早い方の時点で源泉徴収を行う義務があります:
以下の配当支払いケースでは、企業は源泉徴収を行う義務を負いません:
配当に対する源泉徴収の免除を申請するには、適切な必要書類と自己申告書を企業に提出することが重要です。
Section 195 of The Income Tax Act states that TDS on dividend paid to non-resident shareholders is to be deducted on “Rates in Force”. This is defined in Section 2(37A) which is as under :
“for the purposes of deduction of tax under section 194LBA or section 194LBB or section 194LBC or section 195, the rate or rates of income-tax specified in this behalf in the Finance Act of the relevant year or the rate or rates of income-tax specified in an agreement entered into by the Central Government under section 90, or an agreement notified by the Central Government under section 90A, whichever is applicable by virtue of the provisions of section 90, or section 90A, as the case may be.”
Thus the rate as prescribed in Finance Bill 2020 for TDS is 20% while a surcharge at the rate of 15% is also added.
So The TDS rates on dividends distributed to Non-Resident shareholders are as follows.
Applying the provisions of section 90 of The Income Tax Act 1961, a non-resident shareholder can opt for the provisions of DTAA between India and the country of tax residence of the shareholder. For the purpose of availing benefits of DTAA following documents needs to be provided by the nonresident shareholder :
It should be noted that all the above documents should be self-attested by the non-resident shareholder
In case of the dividend paid to Foreign Institutional Investors and Foreign Portfolio Investors TDS rate would be 20% (plus applicable surcharge and cess). DTAA provisions are not applicable here.
The TDS rate would be 30% or at the Rates in Force for a shareholder who is a tax resident of a country or territory as notified u/s 94A(1)of the Income Tax Act 1961.
For residents as well as Nonresident Shareholders who provide a certificate U/s 197 of Income Tax Act 1961 for lower/ NIL rate of TDS, such rate of TDS can be considered on the submission of proper documents.
There is a possibility that a shareholder holds multiple accounts under different status/categories using single PAN. E.g. A person having 5 DEMAT Accounts under the same PAN and dividend paid in 2 accounts are less than INR 5,000 each. However, the declared dividend exceeds INR 5,000 in other 3 accounts.
In such case, the highest rate of TDS applicable on any category/status shall apply to the entire holding. E.g., in given example, TDS @ 7.5% will be deducted on dividend declared in all 5 accounts despite dividend is received within exemption limit in 2 accounts.
Thus, the abolition of the Dividend Distribution Tax has turned the total scenario of taxation on dividends. Also, the compliance part for the Companies has increased considerably.
